Glossary

The Glossary presented in this part of the website has been compiled by AFEMS’s Technical Committee on the base of its practical experience and intends to provide an operative support to the Member of the Association dealing with the proper definition of technical words in the most common EU languages.
It is not a comprehensive instrument, because it doesn’t cover the full range of terms used in our industry and the term’s definitions could be subject in the time to further change and refinement.
The Glossary doesn’t intend to provide any legal definition of the terms included.

ACTION ACTION – VERSCHLUSSSYSTEM – MECANISMO – AZIONE
The combined parts of a firearm that determine how a firearm is loaded, locked, fired and unloaded.

ACTION, AUTOMATIC ACTION, AUTOMATIQUE – VOLLAUTOMAT – MECANISMO AUTOMATICO – MECCANISMO AUTOMATICO
A firearm that loads, locks and fires cartridges and ejects cartridges cases as long as the trigger is depressed and there are cartridges available in the feeding system (i.e. magazine or other such mechanism).

ACTION, BOLT ACTION, VERROU – REPETIERVERSCHLUSS – MECANISMO DE CERROJO – MECCANISMO DI CHIUSURA
A firearm, typically a rifle, that is manually loaded, locked, cocked, fired by pulling a bolt mechanism back to eject cartridge case.

ACTION, LEVER ACTION, LEVIER – UNTERHEBEL-REPETIERER – MECANISMO DE PALANCA – MECCANISMO DI CHIUSURA A LEVA
A firearm, typically a rifle, that is loaded, cocked, and unloaded by an external lever usually located below the receiver.

ACTION, PUMP ACTION, POMPE – VORDERSCHAFTS-REPETIERER – MECANISMO DE CORREDERA PUMPING – MECCANISMO DI FUNZIONAMENTO A POMPA
A firearm, typically a shot gun, that features a movable forearm that is manually actuated to chamber a cartridge (mostly shot shell), extract and eject the cartridge case and put another cartridge in position to fire.

ACTION, SEMI-AUTOMATIC ACTION, SEMI-AUTOMATIQUE – HALBAUTOMAT – MECANISMO SEMIAUTOMATICO – MECCANISMO DI FUNZIONAMENTO SEMIAUTOMATICO
A firearm that loads, locks and fires cartridges and ejects cartridge cases in which each pull of the trigger results in a complete firing cycle, from firing through reloading. It is necessary that the trigger be released and pulled for each cycle.

AMMUNITION MUNITION – PATRONE – MUNICION – MUNIZIONE
A loaded cartridge consisting of a primed case, propellant and a projectile.

AMMUNITION, SMALL ARMS MUNITION, PETITES ARMES – HANDFEUERWAFFEN-MUNITION – MUNICION ARMAS PEQUEÑAS – MUNIZIONE DI PICCOLO CALIBRO
A military term used to describe ammunition for personal (small) firearms – for military use. (See ARMS, SMALL)

ARMS, SMALL ARMES, PETITES – HANDFEUERWAFFE – ARMAS PEQUEÑAS – ARMA PORTATILE
Any firearm – a military term – capable of being carried by a person and fired without additional mechanical support.

ARMOR PIERCING PIERCING – HARTKERN -Geschoss – BALA PERFORANTE – MUNIZIONE PERFORANTE
See BULLET, ARMOR

BALLISTICS BALISTIQUE – BALLISTIK – BALISTICA – BALISTICA
The science of studying moving projectiles. Ballistics can be “interior” (inside the gun), “exterior” (in the air), or “terminal” (at the point of impact).

BARREL CANON – LAUF – CAÑON – CANNA
That part of a firearm through which a projectile travels. The barrel may be rifled (i.e., with spiral grooves on the interior of the barrel) or smooth bore (i.e., a smooth interior barrel with no grooves, mostly for shot guns).

BB GRENAILLE DE TYPE BB – BB – 2/0 – PALLINO/PALLETTONE TIPO BB
Spherical lead shot having a diameter of 4,6 mm used in shot shell cartridges . The term is also used to designate lead air rifle pellet of 4,5 mm diameter.

BENCHREST BENCHREST – BENCHREST – BANCO FIJO – BANCO DI TIRO
A table specifically designed to eliminate as much human error as possible by supporting a rifle for competitive shooting or sighting-in purposes.

BIG BORE GROS CALIBRE – GROSSKALIBER – GRAN CALIBRE – GROSSO CALIBRO
In Europe any firearm using a centre fire cartridge with a bullet 9,5 mm in diameter or larger.

BIRDSHOT PROJECTILE OISEAU – VOGELSCHROT (VOGELDUNST) – PROYECTILES PARA PAJAROS – PALLINI PER CANNA LISCIA
Small lead shots used in shot shell cartridges ranging in size from 1,75 to 2,2 mm used for short-range bird hunting.

BORE CALIBRE – KALIBER – CALIBRE – CALIBRO
The interior barrel forward of the chamber.

BORE DIAMETER DIAMETRE DU CALIBRE – BOHRUNGSDURCHMESSER – DIAMETRO DEL CALIBRE – DIAMETRO INTERNO CANNA
On rifled barrels, the interior diameter of the barrel from the tops of the lands. On a smooth barrel, the interior dimension of the barrel forward of the chamber (not including the choke on shotgun barrels).

BUCKSHOT CHEVROTINE – POSTENSCHROT – POSTA – PALLETTONI
Large lead pellets ranging in size from 5 to 9mm diameter normally loaded in shot shell cartridges used for deer hunting.

BULLET BALLE – BUECHSENGESCHOSS – BALA – PROIETTILE
A non spherical projectile for use in rifled barrels.

BULLET, ARMOR PIERCING BALLE, PERCAGE D’ARMURE – HARTKERNGESCHOSS – BALA PERFORANTE – PROIETTILE PERFORANTE
A projectile that may be used in military –or law enforcement rifles and handguns intended to pierce steel armour. For the use in rifles it is constructed mostly full jacketed and has a core constructed, from one or a combination of tungsten alloys, steel, iron or copper alloys. For the use in handguns it is often constructed as a solid non jacketed projectile from copper alloys.

BULLET, DUMDUM BALLE, DUMDUM – DUMDUM – GESCHOSS – BALA DUMDUM, EXPANSIVA – PROIETTILE A PUNTA ESPANSIVA
A British military bullet developed in India the Dum-Dum Arsenal in 1897-98. It was a jacketed .303 calibre rifle bullet with the jacket nose left open to expose the lead core in hopes of greater effectiveness. Further development of the bullet was not pursued because the Hague Convention of 1899 outlawed such bullets for warfare.

BULLET ENGRAVING BALLE, GRAVURE – GESCHOSSEINSCHNITT – MARCAS DE CAMPOS O ESTRIAS EN BALA – RIGATURA SULLA PALLOTTOLA
The grooves cut into a bullet surface by barrel rifling.

BULLET, FULL METAL JACKET BALLE, CHEMISE ENTIEREMENT METALLIQUE – VOLLMANTELGESCHOSS – BALA, CAMISA METALICA
PALLOTTOLA CAMICIATA
A projectile in which the bullet jacket encloses most of the core, with the exception of the base. The projectile will not expand upon impact.

BULLET, HOLLOW POINT BALLE, POINTE CREUSE – HOHLSPITZGESCHOSS – BALA, PUNTA HUECA – PALLOTTOLA A PUNTA ESPANSIVA
A projectile in which the bullet jacket doesn’t enclose the nose. The nose of the projectile contains a cavity to facilitate expansion upon impact.

BULLET, WADCUTTER BALLE, WADCUTTER – WADCUTTER – GESCHOSS – BALA WADCUTTER – PALLA WADCUTTER
A generally cylindrical lead bullet design having a sharp shouldered nose intended to cut paper targets cleanly to facilitate accurate sport shooting with handguns.

BUTT CROSSE – ABSCHLUSS PISTOLENGRIFF / SCHAFTENDE – CULATA – CULATTA
On handguns, it is the bottom part of the grip. On long guns, it is the rear or shoulder end of the stock.

CALIBER CALIBRE – KALIBER – CALIBRE – CALIBRO
A term used to designate the specific cartridge for which a firearm is chambered.
Metric – Units: It is the numerical term included the cartridge name (i.e. 7,62 x 51) to indicate a rough approximation of the bullet diameter and the case length in mm.
US – Units: It is the numerical term included in the cartridge name to indicate a rough approximation of the bullet diameter (i.e. .30 calibre – .308″ diameter bullet).

CARBINE CARABINE – KARABINER – CARABINA – CARABINA
A rifle of short length and light weight originally designed for horse-mounted troops.

CARTRIDGE CARTOUCHE – PATRONE – CARTUCHO – CARTUCCIA
A single round of ammunition consisting of the case, primer, propellant and one or more (shot shell) projectiles.

CARTRIDGE, CENTREFIRE CARTOUCHE, A PERCUSSION CENTRALE – ZENTRALFEUERPATRONE – CARTUCHO DE PERCUSION CENTRAL –
CARTUCCIA A PERCUSSIONE CENTRALE
Any cartridge intended for use in rifle, pistols, revolvers and shot shells that it has his primer central to the axis at the head of the case.

CARTRIDGE, MAGNUM CARTOUCHE MAGNUM – MAGNUM PATRONE – CARTUCHO, MAGNUM – CARTUCCIA MAGNUM
Any cartridge or shot shell that is larger, contains more shot (shot shell), or produces a higher pressure and velocity than standard cartridges of a given calibre or gauge (shot shells).

CARTRIDGE, RIMFIRE CARTOUCHE, PERCUSSION ANNULAIRE – RANDFEUER PATRONE – CARTUCHO, PERCUSION ANULAR
– CARTUCCIA A PERCUSSIONE ANULARE
A cartridge containing the priming mixture in the rim of the base, usually a .22 long rifle.

CARTRIDGE, SMALL BORE CARTOUCHE, PETIT CALIBRE – KLEINKALIBER PATRONE – CARTUCHO PEQUEÑO CALIBRE – CARTUCCIA DI PICCOLO CALIBRO
A general term that refers to rimfire cartridges. Normally .22 long rifle calibre ammunition used for target shooting, plinking, and small game hunting.

CHAMBER CHAMBRE – PATRONENLAGER – RECAMARA – CAMERA
In a rifle, pistol, or shotgun, it is the part of the barrel that accepts the ammunition. In a revolver, it refers to the chambers in the cylinder where the cartridges are loaded.

CHOKE CHOKE – CHOKE oder WUERGEBOHRUNG – CHOKE – STROZZATURA
An interior tube at the end of a shotgun barrel that controls shot dispersion. Chokes typically come in cylinder, improved cylinder, modified, improved modified, and full.

CLIP CHARGEUR – CLIP – CARGADOR – PIASTRINA DI CARICAMENTO
See MAGAZINE

COCK ARMER – SPANNEN – MONTAR EL ARMA, AMARTILLAR – ARMAMENTO DELL’ARMA
To place the hammer, or striker, in position for firing by pulling it back fully.

CYLINDER BARILLET – TROMMEL – TAMBOR – TAMBURO
The round, rotatable part of a revolver that contains the cartridge chambers.

DERRINGER DERRINGER – DERRINGER – DERRINGER – MARCA DI PISTOLA TASCABILE
A generic term referring to many variations of pocket-sized pistols. The name comes from the pistol’s original designer, Henry Derringer.

DISCHARGE DECHARGE – ABFEUERN – DISPARAR – TOGLIERE LA SICURA
To cause a firearm to fire.

DOUBLE BARREL CANON DOUBLE – DOPPELLAUF – ARMA DE CAÑON – DOPPIA CANNA
Two barrels on a firearm mounted to one frame. The barrels can be vertically (over-under) or horizontally (side-by-side) aligned.

DUMDUM DUMDUM – DUMDUM – DUMDUM – DUMDUM
See BULLET, DUMDUM.

FIREARM ARME A FEU – FEUERWAFFE – ARMA DE FUEGO – ARMA DA FUOCO PORTATILE
An assembly of a barrel and action from which a projectile is propelled through a deflagration of propellant.

FIRING PIN PERCUTEUR – SCHLAGBOLZEN – PERCUTOR – PERCUSSORE
The part of a firearm that strikes the primer of a cartridge to start the ignition of the primer.

FLASH SUPPRESSOR REDUCTEUR DE FLAMME – MUENDUNGSFEUERDAEMPFER – REDUCTOR DE LLAMA – SPEGNIFIAMMA
An attachment to the muzzle designed to reduce muzzle flash.

FULL COCK AU CRAN D’ARME – SPANNPOSITION – ARMADA, MONTADA – ARMA ARMATA
The position of the hammer when the firearm is ready to fire.

GAUGE CALIBRE – KALIBER – CALIBRE – CALIBRO
A term used to identify most shotgun bores. It relates to the number of bore diameter lead balls weighing one pound. Gauge: i.e. 20, 16 or 12. Exception of the .410 shotgun – it is calibre .410″.

GROUP GROUPEMENT – SCHUSSGRUPPE – AGRUPAMIENTO – ROSATA
A series of shots fired at the target used to adjust the sights or determine the accuracy of a firearm.

HALF COCK AU CRAN DE REPOS – SICHERUNGSPOSITION – SEGURO DE TRANSPORTE – MEZZA MONTA
The position of the hammer about half retracted and intended to prevent release of the hammer by a normal pull of the trigger.

HAMMER MARTEAU – SCHLAGSTUECK – MARTILLO – CANE
The part of the firing mechanism that strikes the firing pin.

HAMMERLESS AVEC MARTEAU OU PERCUTEUR – HAMMERLESS – MARTILLO, PERCUTOR – SENZA CANE
A firearm having an internal hammer or striker.

JACKET CHEMISE – MANTEL – CAMISA – CAMICIATURA
The envelope enclosing the core of a bullet.

JAM BLOCAGE – WAFFENFUNKTIONSSTOERUNG – BLOQUEAR – INCEPPAMENTO
A malfunction that prevents the action from operating. Jams may be caused by faulty or altered parts, ammunition, poor maintenance of the firearm, or improper use of the firearm.

JUMP RECUL – RUECKSTOSS – RETROCESO – RINCULO
The rearward and upward movement of a firearm when it is fired. It is commonly called recoil.

LANDS CHAMPS – FELDER – CAMPO – PIENI DI RIGA
The uncut surface of the bore of a rifled barrel.

LOAD CHARGEMENT – LADEN – CARGAR – CARICAMENTO
The combination of components used to assemble a cartridge or shot shell. The term also refers to the act of putting ammunition into a firearm.

MACHINE GUN MITRAILLEUSE – MASCHINENGEWEHR – ARMA AUTOMATICA – MITRAGLIATRICE
See ACTION, AUTOMATIC.

MAGAZINE MAGASIN – MAGAZIN – CARGADOR – CARICATORE
A receptacle on a firearm that holds several cartridges or shells for feeding into the chamber. Magazines take many forms, such as box, drum, rotary, or tubular and may be fixed or removable.

MAGNUM MAGNUM – MAGNUM – MAGNUM – MAGNUM
See CARTRIDGE, MAGNUM.

MISFEED NON ALIMENTATION – ZUFUEHRSTOERUNG – FALLO DE ALIMENTACION – MANCATA ALIMENTAZIONE
Any malfunction during the feeding cycle of a repeating firearm that results in the failure of a cartridge to enter the chamber completely.

MISFIRE NON FEU OU NON ALLUMAGE – VERSAGER – FALLO DE ENCENDIDO – MANCATA ACCENSIONE
A failure of the cartridge to fire after the primer has been struck by the firing pin.

MUZZLE BOUCHE – MUENDUNG – BOCA DEL CAÑON – VIVO DI VOLATA
The front end of a firearm barrel from which the bullet or shot emerges.

MUZZLE FLASH FLAMME DE BOUCHE – MUENDUNGSFEUER – LLAMA EN BOCA – VAMPA
The illumination (flash) resulting from the expanding gases from the burning propellant particles emerging from the barrel behind the projectile and uniting with oxygen in the air.

MUZZLE LOADER CHARGEMENT A LA BOUCHE – VORDERLADER – ARMA DE AVANCARGA – AVANCARICA
Any firearm loaded through the muzzle. Also called “black powder” firearms. They may be antique, replica, or of modern design.

NOSE POINTE – GESCHOSSSPITZE – PUNTA DE UNA BALA – PUNTA DELLA PALLOTTOLA
The point or tip of a bullet.

OVER AND UNDER SUPERPOSE – BOCKWAFFE – ARMA DE CAÑONES SUPERPUESTOS – SOVRAPPOSTO
A firearm with two barrels, one above the other.

PATTERN GROUPEMENT – SCHROTSTREUUNG – PLOMEO – ROSATA
The distribution of shot fired from a shotgun. Generally measured as a number or percentage of pellets striking in an outer circle of 750 mm and an inner circle of 375 mm. The shooting distance has to be determined according to sporting or hunting use.

PISTOL PISTOLET – PISTOLE – PISTOLA – PISTOLA
A term for a one-hand held firearm with a single chamber.

PISTOL, AUTOMATIC PISTOLET, AUTOMATIQUE – SELBSTLADEPISTOLE – PISTOLA AUTOMATICA – PISTOLA AUTOMATICA
The common used term to describe semi-automatic pistols. See ACTION, SEMI-AUTOMATIC for a description of how these pistols operate.

PISTOL, DOUBLE ACTION PISTOLET, A DOUBLE ACTION – DOUBLE ACTION PISTOLE – PISTOLA DE DOBLE ACCION – PISTOLA A DOPPIA AZIONE
A pistol mechanism in which a single pull of the trigger cocks and releases the hammer.

PISTOL, SINGLE ACTION PISTOLET, SIMPLE ACTION – SINGLE ACTION PISTOLE – PISTOLA DE ACCION SIMPLE – PISTOLA A SINGOLA AZIONE
A pistol mechanism that requires the manual cocking of the hammer before the trigger releases the firing mechanism.

PLINKING TIR A BLANC – PLINKING – TIRO AL BLANCO – TIRO INFORMALE
The informal shooting at inanimate objects at indefinite points. (See: CARTRIDGES, SMALL BORE)

POWDER POUDRE – PULVER – POLVORA – POLVERE DA SPARO
Commonly used term for the propellant in a cartridge or shot shell. See also PROPELLANT.

POWDER, BLACK POUDRE, NOIRE – SCHWARZPULVER – POLVORA NEGRA – POLVERE NERA
The earliest type of propellant, allegedly made by the Chinese. First used for firearms in the 13th century, it is a mechanical mixture of potassium or sodium nitrate, charcoal, and sulphur. It makes a large cloud of smoke when fired.

POWDER, SMOKELESS POUDRE, SANS FUMEE – RAUCHLOSES PULVER – POLVORA SIN HUMO – POLVERE SENZA FUMO
A modern propellant containing mainly nitrocellulose or both nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin. Relatively little smoke is created when fired.

PRESSURE PRESSION – GASDRUCK – PRESION – PRESSIONE
The force developed by the expanding gases generated through deflagration of propellant.

PRIMER AMORCE – ZUENDHUETCHEN – PISTON – INNESCO
An ignition component consisting of metal cup, priming mixture, anvil (boxer type)and foiling disc. It generates hot gases when hit by a firing pin, igniting the propellant.

PROPELLANT POUDRE PROPULSIVE – PULVER – PROPULSANTE – POLVERE
The chemical composition, when ignited by a primer it will generates gas through deflagration. The gas propels the projectile. See also POWDER.

RECEIVER RECEPTEUR – VERSCHLUSS – ARMAZON – CARCASSA
The basic unit of a firearm which houses the firing mechanism and to which the barrel and stock are assembled.

RECOIL RECUL – RUECKSTOSS – RETROCESO – RINCULO
The rearward and upward movements of a firearm resulting from firing a cartridge or shot shell.

RECOIL PAD TAMPON OU COUSSINET ANTI-RECUL – RUCKSTOSSDAEMFER – CANTONERA DE CULATA – AMMORTIZZATORE DI RINCULO
A butt plate, usually made of rubber, to reduce the recoil or “kick” of shoulder firearms.

RELOAD RECHARGE – WIEDERLADEN – RECARGA – RICARICA
A round of ammunition that has been assembled using fired cases. Note: Reloading is very popular among recreational target shooters, competitive shooters, and hunters.

REVOLVER REVOLVER – REVOLVER – REVOLVER – REVOLVER PISTOLA A TAMBURO
A firearm with a cylinder having several chambers so arranged as to rotate around an axis and be fired successively by the same firing mechanism.

RIFLE CARABINE – BUECHSE – RIFLE – CARABINA
A firearm having spiral grooves in the bore and designed to be fired from the shoulder.

RIFLING RAYURES – ZÜGE – ESTRIADO – RIGATURA
Grooves formed in the bore of a firearm barrel to impart rotary motion to a projectile.

ROUND MUNITION – PATRONE – MUNICION – CARTUCCIA
One complete small arms cartridge.

SAFETY SECURITE – SICHERUNG – SEGURIDAD – SICURA
A device on a firearm designed to provide protection against accidental or unintentional firing under normal usage when properly engaged.

SEMI-AUTOMATIC SEMI-AUTOMATIQUE – HALBAUTOMAT – SEMIAUTOMATICO – SEMIAUTOMATICO
Firearm which locks, fires, extracts, ejects, and reloads only once for each pull and release of the trigger.

SHOTGUN FUSIL – FLINTE – ESCOPETA – FUCILE A CANNA LISCIA
A smooth bore shoulder firearm designed to fire shot shells containing numerous pellets or a single slug.

SHOTSHELL CARTOUCHE A GRENAILLE – SCHROTPATRONE – CARTUCHO – CARTUCCIA A PALLINI
A round of ammunition containing multiple pellets for use in a shotgun. The multiple pellets in a shot shell are called SHOT.

SILENCER SILENCIEUX – SCHALLDAEMPFER – SILENCIADOR – SILENZIATORE
A device attached to the muzzle of a firearm to reduce the shooting noise.

SKEET SKEET – SKEET – SKEET – SKEET
A clay target shooting sport with a shogun. Shooters fire at clay targets launched from two positions (low and high houses) crossing in front of them.

SKEET GUN FUSIL SKEET – SKEETFLINTE – ESCOPETA PARA SKEET – FUCILE PER SKEET
A shotgun with an open choke specifically designed for clay target skeet shooting or close range hunting.

SPORTING CLAYS TIR SUR CIBLE OU BALL TRAP – WURFSCHEIBEN – TRAPSCHIESSEN – TIRO AL PLATO – TIRO AL PIATTELLO
A shotgun target sport in which clay targets are thrown away by the shooters by a reciprocating trap located forward the firing line.

STOCK CROSSE – SCHAFT – GUARDAMANOS – CALCIO
The wood, fiberglass, wood laminate or plastic component to which the barrel and receiver are attached.

TARGET, CLAY CIBLE, ARGILE – WURFSCHEIBE – PLATO – PIATTELO
A moving target, used for sport – or practice shooting with shotguns. A circular, domed frangible disc used as an aerial target for shotgun shooting games. Originally formed out of clay, modern targets are a combination of pitch and limestone. Dimensions and weights are regulated by trap and skeet shooting associations. They are often called “clay pigeons.” (See also SKEET and SPORTING CLAYS)

TRAJECTORY TRAJECTOIRE – FLUGBAHN – TRAYECTORIA – TRAIETTORIA
The path of a bullet through the air.

TRAP CIBLE LANCEE – WURFMASCHINE – MAQUINA LANZAPLATOS – TRAP
A clay target throwing device, either power or hand-operated.

TRAP SHOOTING BALL TRAP OU TIR SUR CIBLE LANCEE – TRAPSCHIESSEN – TIRO TRAP – TIRO TRAP
It is a sport in which shooters, using shotguns, fire at clay targets, which are launched by five different stations (three launchers or traps each station) which are located in a trench 15 m forward the firing line. (See TARGET CLAY and TRAP)

TRIGGER, HAIR DÉTENTE ULTRASENSIBLE – STECHERABZUG – DISPARADOR SUAVE – ALLEGGERITORE DI SCATTO
A slang term for a trigger requiring very low force to actuate. Note: Hair triggers are frequently used on competitive target rifles and pistols for increased accuracy. The reduced force needed to pull the trigger allows the shooter.

TRIGGER LOCK VERROU DE Détente – ABZUGSSICHERUNG – SEGURO DE DISPARO – SICURA AL CRILLETTO
An accessory for blocking a firearm from unauthorized use. Most trigger lock manufacturers advise against the use of a trigger lock on a loaded firearm, as shifting the lock against the trigger could fire the gun.

TRIGGER PULL FORCE DE Détente – ABZUGSKRAFT – FUERZA DE SENSIBILIDAD DEL GATILLO – FORZA DI SCATTO
The average force which must be applied to the trigger to cause the firearm to fire.

UNLOAD DECHARGEMENT D’ARME – WAFFENENTLADUNG – DESCARGAR UN ARMA – SCARICARE
The complete removal of all unfired ammunition from a firearm.

VELOCITY VITESSE – GESCHWINDIGKEIT – VELOCIDAD – VELOCITA’
The speed of a projectile at any point along its trajectory.

WAD BOURRE – ZWISCHENMITTEL – TACO – BORRA
A space device in a shot shell, usually a cup-form plastic or paper discs, that separates the propellant powder from the shot.

WEAPON ARME DE COMBAT – KOMBATWAFFE – ARMA DE COMBATE – ARMA DA COMBATTIMENTO
An instrument used in combat. The term is never used in referring to sporting firearms.